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Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or venture by raising monetary contributions from a large number of people, today often performed via internet-mediated registries, but the concept can also be executed through mail-order subscriptions, benefit events, and other methods.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oxford Dictionary Definition of Crowdfunding ); The Merriam Webster Dictionary defines Crowdfunding as "the practice of soliciting financial contributions from a large number of people especially from the online community" (【引用サイトリンク】title=Merriam Webster Dictionary Definition of Crowdfunding )〕 Crowdfunding is a form of alternative finance, which has emerged outside of the traditional financial system. The crowdfunding model is based on three types of actors: the project initiator who proposes the idea and/or project to be funded; individuals or groups who support the idea; and a moderating organization (the "platform") that brings the parties together to launch the idea .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Crowdfunding: Transforming Customers Into Investors Through Innovative Service Platforms )〕 In 2013, the crowdfunding industry raised over $5.1 billion worldwide. == History == According to WordSpy.com, the earliest recorded use of the word "crowdfunding" was by Michael Sullivan in fundavlog in August 2006. Crowdfunding as a concept pre-dates the internet and projects like the Statue of Liberty raised funds from a large number of donors. Crowdfunding gained traction after the launch of ArtistShare, in 2003.〔The New York Times refers to ArtistShare as a "pioneering crowd-financing platform"〕 Following ArtistShare, more crowdfunding sites started to appear on the web such as EquityNet (2005),〔(New service helps local entrepreneurs raise capital ) November 12, 2013 Missouri S&T Andrew Careaga〕 Razoo (2006), Pledgie (2006), Sellaband (2006), IndieGoGo (2008), GiveForward (2008), FundRazr (2009), Kickstarter (2009), RocketHub (2009), Fundly (2009), GoFundMe (2010), Microventures (2010), YouCaring (2011), SeedInvest (2011) and Fundageek (2011).〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Comparison of Crowdfunding Websites )〕 Crowdfunding websites helped companies and individuals worldwide raise US$89 million from members of the public in 2010, US$1.47 billion in 2011 and US$2.66 billion in 2012—US$1.6 billion of the 2012 amount was raised in North America.〔(Global Crowdfunding Volumes Rise 81% In 2012 ), August 4, 2013, ''The Huffington Post'', Retrieved at September 7, 2013〕 In 2012 more than one million individual campaigns were established globally〔(Top 10 Crowdfunding Sites For Fundraising ), May 8, 2013, Chance Barnett, ''Forbes''〕 and the industry was projected to grow to US$5.1 billion in 2013.〔 and to reach US$ 1 trillion in 2025.〔(The Rise of Crowdfunding ) October 28, 2015, MyPrivateBanking Research〕 A May 2014 report, released by the United Kingdom-based The Crowdfunding Centre and titled "The State of the Crowdfunding Nation", presented data showing that during the month of March 2014, more than US$60,000 dollars were raised on an hourly basis via global crowdfunding initiatives. Also during this period, 442 crowdfunding campaigns were launched globally on a daily basis.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crowdfunding」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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